Traveling to Mongolia, a vast country defined by its rugged expanses and nomadic culture, can be one of the most awe-inspiring experiences. However, this landlocked nation sandwiched between China and Russia is also quite unique in terms of its cultural norms and geographical challenges. If you’re planning a trip to this beautiful yet rugged country, here are 19 things we wish we knew before we went:
1. **Vast Landscapes Mean Long Distances:** Mongolia is the 18th largest country in the world but one of the least densely populated. Prepare for long drives or treks between destinations — a good quality four-wheel drive is often essential.
2. **Climate Extremes:** The climate can be harsh, with very cold winters and warm summers. Ulaanbaatar is known as the coldest capital city in the world, so pack accordingly.
3. **Communication Can Be a Challenge:** Not everyone speaks English, especially outside Ulaanbaatar. Learning basic Mongolian phrases or carrying a phrasebook might help bridge the language gap.
4. **Currency Exchange:** It’s best to exchange your money into Mongolian tögrög as some local places do not accept foreign currencies or cards.
5. **Internet Accessibility:** While Ulaanbaatar has fairly reliable internet services, remote areas might have no connectivity at all.
6. **Nomadic Hospitality Is Real:** Many Mongolian families are incredibly welcoming and may invite you into their Ger (a traditional round tent). It’s polite to accept tea or food if offered.
7. **Meat-Based Cuisine:** Mongolian diet is heavily meat-based with few vegetables due to the harsh climatic conditions that limit agriculture. If you’re vegetarian or vegan, plan ahead.
8. **Respect Local Customs:** Always ask permission before taking photos of people or religious sites. Also, it’s customary to receive items with both hands as a sign of respect.
9. **The Naadam Festival Is a Must-See:** Try scheduling your visit during Naadam (usually in July), which showcases Mongolia’s best in wrestling, horse racing, and archery.
10. **Mongolia Is Historically Rich:** The legacy of Chinggis (Genghis) Khan is deeply embedded in Mongolian culture; understanding some history before you go can enrich your experience.
11. **Dressing Appropriately:** Weather can change quickly; layers are recommended along with strong UV protection due to high altitude exposure.
12. **Local Transportation Nuances:** In cities like Ulaanbaatar, catching a taxi can be tricky as not all taxis are metered — agree on the fare before starting your journey.
13. **Camping Rules Are Different Here**: Mongolia offers vast opportunities for camping but familiarize yourself with local rules—some areas might require special permits or have restrictions due to wildlife conservation efforts.
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**Cash Is King**: Especially outside urban centers, cash transactions dominate so keep enough local currency on hand for daily expenses including food and transportation.
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**Drinking Water**: It’s advisable to stick to bottled water even though locals may drink directly from some streams and lakes.
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**Altitude Awareness**: Some parts of Mongolia are at high altitudes; take precautions against altitude sickness by acclimatizing gradually if you’re visiting places like Altai Tavan Bogd National Park.
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**Wool Products Are Great Souvenirs**: Mongolia produces some of the finest cashmere wool products in the world; purchasing these locally supports traditional crafts.
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**Wildlife Conservation**: If participating in any tours involving wildlife watching (like snow leopards), ensure they’re ethical and support conservation efforts.
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**Taking It Slowly Benefits Your Experience**: Given its sheer size and lack of infrastructure in many parts of Mongolia, coupled with its breathtaking landscapes – taking things slowly will allow you more time to absorb truly meaningful experiences during your travels through this magnificent country.
Understanding these aspects about traveling in Mongolia will help you prepare better for an adventure that’s unlike any other – filled with stark natural beauty, ancient traditions still alive today through its nomadic people’s everyday lives – readying you for an unforgettable journey through time and terrain!